NAVAL ARCHITECTURE NOMENCLATURE

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Aft Peak Bulkhead is a term used for the first main transverse watertight bulkhead forward of the stern. The aft peak tank is the compartment in the confine part of the stern aft of this last watertight bulkhead.

Bilge Keel is a section of plate set perpendicular to a ship’s shell along her bilges for approx. one third her length to reduce rolling.

Bilge Strake is the strake at the turn of bilge extending outward to a point where the side rises vertically.

Bulkhead Deck is the topmost continuous deck at which transverse watertight bulkheads and shell are carried.

Bulkhead Structure is the transverse or longitudinal bulkhead plating with
stiffeners and girders.

Bulwark is the vertical plating just above the upper edge of the ship’s side surrounding the exposed deck.

Carlings are supports normally of flat plate, welded in a fore and aft direction between transverse deck beams to prevent distortion of the plating.

cantilever is a beam takes support at only one end. The beam bear the load to the support where the beam is forced against by a moment and shear stress. Cantilever construction allows for overhanging
structures without external bracing.

Coaming  is the vertical boundary structure of a hatch or skylight.

Cofferdams are the spaces between two bulkheads or decks primarily designed as a safeguard against leakage of oil from one compartment to another.

Collision Bulkhead is the topmost main transverse watertight bulkhead.

Confined Space is a space identified by one of the following characteristic: limited openings for entry and exit, unfavorable natural ventilatiotion or not designed for continuous worker occupancy.

Cross Deck is the area between cargo hatches.

Deep Tank is the tank extending from the bottom or inner bottom up to or higher than the lowest deck.

Double Bottom Structure is the shell plating having stiffeners below the top of the inner bottom and other elements below and including the inner bottom plating.

Duct Keel is a keel built up of plates in box form extending the length of the cargo hold. It is used to accommodate ballast and other piping leading forward which otherwise would have to run through the cargo holds.

Forecastle is a small superstructure situated at the bow.

Forepeak is the area of the ship situated at the forward of the collision bulkhead.

Freeboard Deck is actually the uppermost deck exposed to weather and sea, which has permanent means of closing all exposed openings.

Freeing Port is an opening in the bulwarks to allow water embarked on deck to run freely overboard.

Girder is a common term for primary supporting structural members.


Gunwale is normally the upper edge of the ship’s sides.

Gusset is a triangular plate, normally fitted to distribute forces at a strength connection between two structural members.

Hatch Coaming is the vertical plating built all over the hatchways to restrict water from entering the hold; and to serve as a framework for the hatch covers.

Hatch Covers are wooden or steel covers built in over the hatchway to prevent the ingress of water into the ship hold and may also be the supporting structure for deck cargo.

Hopper Side Tanks are tanks used for ballast to maintain stability when carrying certain cargoes in bulk carriers. Also referred to as top side tanks(TST) and bottom hopper tanks.

Keel is the main structural member also called backbone of a ship running longitudinal along center line of bottom. Usually a flat plate stiffened by a vertical plate on its Centre line inside the shell.

Margin Plate is the outboard strake of the inner bottom and when turned down at the bilge the margin plate (or girder) forms the outer boundary of the double bottom.

Midship Section is the cross section along the ship, midway between the forward and after perpendiculars.

Poop Deck is the first deck above the shelter deck at aft end of a ship.

Scupper is any opening for carrying out water from a deck, either directly or through piping.

Scuttle is a small opening in a deck or elsewhere, normally fitted with a cover or lid or a door for access to a compartment.

Stiffener is a common term for secondary supporting structural members.

Stringer Plate is the outside strake of deck plating.

Strake is a course, or row, of shell, deck, bulkhead, or other plating.

Sheer Strake in the ship is the top strake of a ship’s side shell plating.

Shedder Plates are slanted plates fitted in dry cargo holds to prevent undesired pockets of cargo. The term is also commonly used for slanted plates that are fitted to improve the structural stability of corrugated bulkheads and framing members.

Stay is a term used for bulwarks and hatch coaming brackets.

Stem is the piece of bar or plating at which a ship’s outside plating terminates at her forward end.

Stern Frame is the hefty strength member in single or triple screw ships, combining the rudder post.

Strut: A rod or bar forming part of the framework and designed to resist compression.

Superstructure is the decked structure on the freeboard deck extending for at least 92% of the breadth of the ship.

Tween Decks is a deck placed between the upper deck and the tank top in the cargo holds.

Void space is an enclosed empty space in a ship.

Wash Bulkhead is perforated or partial bulkhead in a tank.

Watertight Bulkhead is a common term for transverse bulkheads required for subdivision of the hull into watertight compartments.

Framings
Components of Framing
Frame: On side plating, it is running vertically up and down

Beam: Under decks, runs transversely

Transverse: Under decks (deck transverse) and on bottom plating (bottom transverse) but not in Double Bottoms ransversely but much heavier in construction than a beam.